初中英语知识点总结及练习
初中英语知识点总结：一般将来时
Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢?
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗?
2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。
c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。
3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：
He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
Notice:be to和be going to
be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如：
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主观安排)
5)现在进行时表将来时
下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时
go.come.fly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arrive and so on.
she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow.
6)一般现在时表将来
1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。
2)以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。
一般将来时常见结构大比拼
1. “be going to+动词原形”结构用来表示按照主观意图打算或按计划，安排将要做的事，有“打算、就要”的意思。也常用于表示从迹象上表明将要发生的事情，多指个人主观臆断的推测。如：Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 看这些云，要下雨了。
2. “shall或will+动词原形”指对将来事物近期或远期的预见，表达个人主观意图以及征求对方意见或表示客气的邀请。在书面语中，shall多用于第一人称;在口语中，will可以用于任何人称。如：I shall/will show my photos to you next Monday. 我下周一给你看我的照片。
句型转换
1. “be going to+动词原形”结构的一般疑问句是将be的相应形式前移到句首，即“Are/Is/Am+主语+going to+动词原形+其它?”。其否定句是在be动词的相应形式后加not.如：
(1)They are going to play football this afternoon.(肯定句)
(2)Are they going to play football this afternoon?(一般疑问句)
(3)They are not going to play football this afternoon. (否定句)
2. “shall/will+动词原形”结构的一般疑问句是将shall或will前移到句首，即“Shall/Will+主语+动词原形+其它?”。其否定句是在shall或will后加not.如：
(1)Our teacher will come back very soon. (肯定句)
(2)Will our teacher come back very soon?(一般疑问句)
(3)Our teacher won’t come back very soon. (否定句)
一般将来时的用法
一般将来时的用法(1)
表示将要发生的动作。
Perhaps I shall (will) pay a visit to France this winter. 可能在今年冬天到法国观光。
We shan't (won’t) be free tomorrow. 们明天没空。
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点你会在家吗?
The agreement will come into force next spring. 协议将在明年春天生效。
常用于此类情况的时间状语有：
1.表示未来的时间状语
tomorrow明天，next year明年，from now on从现在起，in a month一个月之后，in the future将来，等。
2.包含现在的时间状语
today今天，this evening今天晚上，this week这个星期，this month这个月，this year今年，等。
一般将来时的用法(2)
“be going to +不定式”多用于口语中，表示打算、将要发生的事。
What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你要干什么?
We are going to visit the Summer Palace next week. 下个星期我们要去参观颐和园。
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，暴风雨快来了。
一般将来时的用法(3)
“be +不定式”表示安排或计划好了的动作。
When are they to hand in their plan? 他们的计划什么时候交上来?
The queen is to visit Japan next year. 女王将于明年访日。
一般将来时的用法(4) “be about +不定式”表示即将发生的动作。
He is about to retire. 他即将退休。 The English evening is about to begin. 英语晚会即将开始。
注意：be about to 一般不与时间状语连用。
一般将来时的用法(5)
come，go等动词用“一般现在时”表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事。
He starts next week. 他下个星期出发。
We leave very soon. 我们很快就离开。
The train starts at 10 o'clock in the morning. 火车将在早上10点开出。
这类用法限于表示"移动"的动词：come来，go去，leave离开，start出发，begin开始，arrive到达，depart离开，stay逗留，等。
一般将来时的用法(6)
come，go等动词在口语中用“现在进行时”表示主语计划将要作的动作。
They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 明天他们将要动身前往纽约。
Is your brother departing soon? 你的兄弟很快就要启程吗?
这类情况常与come来，go去，leave离开，start开始，begin开始，arrive到达，depart离开，stay逗留，等动词连用。所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态，主语必须是人。
come，go等动词的用法比较
come，go等动词用“一般现在时”表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事。(较为严格，正式;主语可以是人，也可以是交通工具、会议、戏剧或电影。) come，go等动词在口语中用“现在进行时”表示主语计划将要作的动作。(较为宽松，主语必须是人。)
The train leaves the station at 11:20. 火车将在11点20分离站。
We are leaving for Boston next week. 我们将在下周前往波士顿。
What time does the film begin? 电影几点开映?
Is your sister staying here long? 你的姐妹在这儿会逗留很长时间吗?
He starts next week. 他下周出发。
She is departing soon. 她很快就要动身。
will和be going to的选用原则
1. 关于“打算”
原先作好的打算用“be going to”。
“Kate is in hospital.” “Yes, I know. I am going to see her this afternoon.”
“凯特在住院。”“是的，我知道。我下午要去看她。”
说话时即时的打算用“will”。
“Kate is in hospital.” “Oh, really, I didn’t know. I will go and see her at once.”
“凯特在住院。”“哦，是吗?我都不知道呢。我得马上去看她。”
2. 关于“预料” 在有迹象表明的情况下的预料用“be going to”
Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 你看天上的云。快下雨了。
My God! We are going to crash. 天哪!我们快撞车了。
在没有迹象表明的情况下进行的猜测用“will，be going to”皆可。
I think the weather will be nice.
I think the weather is going to be nice. 我想天会晴朗。
Do you think the car will start?
Do you think the car is going to start? 你想车能发动起来吗?
当动词表示内心活动时，表示猜测的句子必须用“will”
I think she will like the cake I made for her. 我想她会喜欢我为她做的蛋糕。
常和一般将来时连用的时间状语
表示将要发生的动作。
Perhaps I shall (will) pay a visit to France this winter. 我可能在今年冬天到法国观光。
We shan't (won’t) be free tomorrow. 我们明天没空。
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点你会在家吗?
The agreement will come into force next spring. 协议将在明年春天生效。
常用于此类情况的时间状语有：
1.表示未来的时间状语
tomorrow明天，next year明年，from now on从现在起，in a month一个月之后，in the future将来，等。
today今天，this evening今天晚上，this week这个星期，this month这个月，this year今年，等。
初中英语知识点练习
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to B. will going to be
C. is going to be D. will go to be
( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.
A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working
C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work
( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is
C. will be; will be D. is; will be
( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was B. is going to have
C. will have D. is going to be
( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?
– No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.
A. will gives B. will give
C. gives D. give
( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?
–________. (不，不要。)
A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t.
C. No, please don’t. D. No, please.
( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper?
– I ________ if for you at once.
A. get B. am getting
C. to get D. will get
二、动词填空。
1. I ______(leave)in a minute. I ______(finish)all my work before I ______ (leave).
2. —How long _____ you _____(study)in our country?
—I _____(plan)to be here for about one more year.
—I _____(hope)to visit the other parts of your country.
—What ______ you ______(do)after you ______(leave)here?
—I ______(return)home and ______(get)a job.
3. I ______(be)tired. I ______(go)to bed early tonight.
4. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____(give)her a present.
三、句型转换。
1. People in the north often go skating in winter. (next winter)
2. There are two cinemas in that town. (next year)
3. He comes back late.(in two days)
4. She is a conductor of a train.(soon)
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