英语语法复习:定语从句中that和which
That which代表物,区别听我来叙述;
先行若是不定代,that就把which 踹;
当先行词为anything,everything,nothing,all,any,much,many,one等不定代词时,只能使用“that”, 不用 “which”。
例:Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能给你做点什么吗?
先行词前有两数, 就用that定无误;
当先行词是基数词或序数词修饰时,只能使用“that”,不用 “which”。
例句: That is the second time that I have been to Japan. 那是我去日本的第二次。
The two buildings that lay on the River Thames fell down last week.
坐落在泰晤士河岸边的那两座大楼上星期倒塌了。
先行词前最高级, 还用that必无疑;
当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时,只能使用“that”, 不用 “which”。
例句:This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.
这是我度过的最美好的时光。
句中若有there be, that应把which替;
例:There is no evidence that animals possess a mysterious sixth-sense allowing them to predict natural disasters. 说动物拥有神秘的第六感,可以预知自然灾害,这是没有根据的。
先行主中做表语, 避免重复从句里;
例句:1)This is not the hospital that it used to be.
这已经不再是以前那座医院了。
2)Mr Thomson is not the man that he was.
汤姆森先生已经不再是以前的他了。
解析:定语从句的先行词均在主句中做表语。
例句:Which is the course that we are to take ?
我们要学哪门课?
解析:句中已有which,后面不再用which,避免重复用that。
(Just the only very same last, 其后也要用that;)
先行词前有Just 、the only、 very 、same 、last等词,关系代词用that,不用which。
例句:1) The North Pole is the only place that you can see polar bears.
北极是唯一能见到北极熊的地方。
2)This is the same bike that he lost.
这就是他丢了的那辆自行车。
注意区分:
3) This is the same bike as he lost.
这辆自行车和他丢的那辆一样。(但不是)