高中英语知识汇总
2. marry v. 结婚
3. create v. 创造
4. attack v. 进攻
5. cruelty n. 残酷
6. escape v. 逃跑
7. advice n. 忠告;建议
8. afford v. 花得起(钱、时间)
9. encourage v. 鼓励
10. research n. 研究
11. interrupt v. 打断;打扰
12. apologize v. 道歉
13. pray v. 请求;祈祷
14. forgive v. 原谅;宽恕
15. match v. 相配;相适应
16. manners n. 礼貌
17. impression n. 印象
18. live adj. & adv. 活的;直播的(地)
19. custom n. 习惯;风俗
20. introduce vt. 介绍;引进
高中英语知识汇总(二)
1. take off 脱掉;起飞;成功
2. go wrong 出错;出问题
3. can't help doing 情不自禁做某事
4. take one's place 代替某人
5. run after 追逐;追踪
6. win a prize 获奖
7. think highly of 赞扬……;对……高度评价
8. call for 需要;索取
9. in all 总共
10. play a role 扮演角色(作用)
11. make money 挣钱
12. win over 争取过来
13. work on 从事，致力于
14. owe success to 把成功归功于某人
15. start with 以……开始
16. run away from school逃学
17. on the air 正在播出的
18. do research 进行调查
19. speed up 加速
20. follow the fashion 追随时尚
高中英语知识汇总(三)
1. afford
(1) (和can，could，be able to连用) 有 (时间、经济等) 条件(做某事) + to do
We can't afford to pay such a price.
afford + n. / pron. (出得起;买得起等)
They donot consider whether they can afford it or not.
(2) 经得起 (做某事或发生某事) (多+to do)
He could not afford to lose his fortune entirely.
2. apologize的用法
▲ 构词：apology n. 辩解，道歉
▲ 搭配：
① apologize to sb for (doing) sth = make an apology的 sb for (doing) sth向某人为某事(为做了某事)道歉
② apologize for oneself 为自己辩解或辩护
【考例】[NMET 1993]The captain ____ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.
A. made B. said C. put D. passed
[考查目标] apologize及其名词的用法和搭配。
[答案与解析]A make an apology的意思是“道歉”。
3. choice的用法
▲搭配：
① make a choice 选择
② make choice of 挑选，选择，选定
③ make / take one's choice 任意挑选
④ have no choice but to do sth 非……不可，除……之外别无他法
【考例】[MET 1993] We've missed the last bus, I'm afraid we have no ____ but to take a taxi.
A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection
[考查目标] choice的意思和习惯搭配。
[答案与解析]B choice是choose的名词形式.意思是
“选择”，在本句中构成固定搭配have no choice but to
do sth“不得不干……”。
4. determine的用法
▲ 构词：determination n. 决心，决断，决意;决定，确定
▲ 搭配：
① determine to do sth 决定做某事
② determine on / upon (doing) sth 决定
③ a man of determination 有决断力的人
▲ 辨析：decide;determine这两个词都有“决定”的意思。decide的含义是“不再迟疑不定”，而
determine含义是“把某件事确定下来”。
在be determined to do…这个固定的结构中。过去分词determined的词义为“下定了决心”。
decide的名词为decision，determine的名词为determination。例如：At first，she decided to go to the police，…起初，她决定去找警察……
▲ 友情提示: decide后跟宾语从句时，其含义有时是“断
定”。I decided that I must have taken a wrong turning somewhere. 我断定我一定是在某处拐错弯了。The determination of the meaning of a word is often difficult without a context. 脱离上下文来确定一个词的含义常常是困难的。
注：在determine to do...，determine on (upon)... 和determine that...。(宾语从句)三个搭配中，determine的词义和decide几乎没有多大差异。He determined / decided to learn medicine. 他决定学医。
注：decide sb to do sth 决定使某人做某事What decided you to give up your job? 什么因素使你决定放弃你的工作?
【考例】[2001京皖春招] Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must ____ the parts that are wrong.
A. check B. determine C. correct D. recover
[考查目标]determine的用法。
[答案与解析]B determine和decide在一般情况下意思相同。
5. encourage的用法
▲ 构词：
① encouraging adj. 鼓励的，给予希望的，振奋人心的。令人欢欣鼓舞的
② encouraged adj. 被激励的，受到鼓舞的
③ encouragement n. 鼓励，激励
④ discourage v. 使泄气;劝阻
▲ 搭配：① encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 ② be encouraged by 受……鼓励/鼓舞
【考例】 [2004北京]My advisor encouraged ___a summer course to improve my writing skills.
A. for me taking B. me taking
C. for me to take D. me to take
[考查目标] encourage的用法。
[答案与解析]D encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人干某事。句意为：我的导师鼓励我参加一个夏季课程来提高我的写作技巧。
6. escape (vi, vt ) escaped, escaping
(1) 逃走;跑掉 + from / out of = run away from
The soldier escaped from the enemy's prison.
(2)逃脱;逃避 + n. / doing
He narrowly escaped death / being killed.
There's no way to escape doing the work.
escape还可表示：
①(液体等)漏出 gas escaping from the pipe 煤气从管中漏出Water escaped rapidly from the drainpipe. 水从排水管中迅速流出。
② 避免escaped death 免于一死There is no escaping him. 怎么也避不开他。
③ 疏忽，忽略 Nothing escaped his attention. 什么也逃不过他的注意。 You cannot expect that something may escape the teacher's attention. 你不要奢望有什么能逃过老师的注意。
escape n
① 逃走The thief made his escape. 小偷逃走了。
②(气体)漏出，泄出;解闷She reads love stories as an escape. 她读爱情小说解闷。
7. hunt的用法
▲ 构词：hunter n. 猎人，搜寻者
▲ 搭配：
① hunt for / after追猎;寻找，搜寻
② hunt out 找出;调查出
【考例】He wandered in the street, ____ a new jacket for his nephew.
A. hunting for B. waiting for
C. shooting for D. aiming for
[考查目标]本题考查hunt for的意思。
[答案与解析]A hunt for原来是“猎取”的意思，引中为“搜寻，寻找”。
8. impression n. 印象
(1) impression (on sb.) (给某人)印象His speech made a strong impression on his audience.
(2) impression (of sth.) (对某事物)印象;想法That's my first impression of the new college.
(3) impress sb. with sth. 给予某人深刻印象 = impress sth. on sb. 使某人铭记 The teacher impressed on his students the importance of speaking. = The teacher impre- ssed his students with the importance of speaking.
9. interrupt的用法vt, vi
① 阻断;中断 Don't interrupt me. 别打断我。Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。
② 打岔;插嘴 It is rude to interrupt. 打断别人的话，是不礼貌的。 “Don't interrupt,” he said.“别插话, ”他说。
▲构词：
① interrupter n. 打岔者，打断者
② interruption n. 打岔.打断，使中断的事物
【考例】[2005山西模拟] Be quiet! It's rude to ____ people when they are talking.
A. stop B. introduce C. prevent D. interrupt
[考查目标] interrupt的词义。
[答案与解析]D interrupt的意思是“打断;使中断”.
后接指人或指物的各种名词。
10. marry
(1) vi. 结婚 He didn't marry until he was fifty.
(2) vt. 和……结婚 Jean is going to marry Hubert.
(3) vt. (父母)嫁(女儿) He married his daughter to a businessman.
(4) vt. (教士等) 为……主持结婚仪式 We've come to ask if you will marry them.
[比较]
(1) get married (to sb.) 强调动作
His oldest girl got married last month.
(2) be married (to sb.) 强调状态
How long have you been married?
11. moment的用法 n.
① 片刻;瞬间 He will be here in a moment. 他一会儿就来。At the moment I am working. 此刻我正在工作。
② 时机;机遇;时宜 Choose your moment to visit him. 你选个合适的时机去拜访他。
③ 重要性 a matter of great moment
一件极重要的事情
▲搭配：
① at any moment 随时;在任何时候;马上
② at the last moment 在最后关头
③ at the moment 此刻;(正当)那时
④ every moment 时时刻刻
⑤ for a moment 片刻
⑥ in a moment 一会儿，不久;立即，马上
⑦ the moment(that)... 一……就……
【考例】[NMET 2004 II] "Can I? I don't think I can," Racy said with a laugh. "But I do have ____ when things come to me for no reason."
A. events B. chances C. feelings D. moments
[考查目标] moment的词义。
[答案与解析] D moment可以指“时刻”，在本句中用了复数，意思是“一些次”。
12. owe的用法owed, owing
▲ 搭配：
①(常与for连用)欠，欠债I owe you for your help.我感谢你的帮助。(也可以是owe sth.或owe sb. sth) The food cost ￡4 , but I only paid ￡3 so I still owe ￡1. 食品要4英镑，可我只付了3英镑，因此我还欠1英镑。I owe you an apology. 我该向你道歉。
☆ owe sb sth for sth 或 owe sth to sb for sth 为…欠某人…
② 对…负有义务;感恩;感激We owe our parents a lot. 我们十分感激父母。
③(常与to连用)归功于;由于She owes her success to good luck. 她把成功归功于幸运。The young writer owed his success to his teacher's encouragement. 年轻作家把自己的成功归于他老师的鼓励。
【考例】[2004湖北] "How much do I ____ you?" "Oh, no," Paul said.
A. Owe B. lend C. give D. offer
[考查目标]考查owe的词义和用法。
[答案与解析]A owe表示“欠”的时候是及物动词，可以接双宾语。
13. reason n. 原因;理由
(1) + to do sth. You haven't any reason to leave me.
(2) + for sth. / doing People must have a reason for saying such things.
(3) + 从句;从句用why / for which引导 That is the reason why you should leave.
(4) for + reason，为了某种原因He is retiring for reasons of health.
[比较] cause“原因;起因”
the cause of the fire 火灾的起因(引起某种后果的起因)
the reason for being late 迟到的理由(做某件事的理由)
14. role
(1) (戏剧中的) 角色Oliver played (acted) the role / part of Hamlet.
(2) (现实生活中的) 身份;作用
What is your role on the Committee?
(3) play a...role in... = play a...part in在……中扮演……角色或作用The headmaster plays an important role / part in the good running of a school.
15. serve v.
(1) 为……服务/工作 A slave serves his master.
(2) 接待(顾客) The shop assistant is serving a customer.
(3) 侍候吃饭，端(菜);供应(饭菜) Lunch is served now.
(4) serve as 充任(某职务)作……用 She served as a model for several painters. / This box will serve as / for a seat.
16. speed的用法
▲搭配：
① at a high speed 以很大的速度
② at full / top speed 用全速，开足马力，尽力(快)地;
③ with great / an speed 用全速，开足马力
④ speed up 加速，快点
【考例】We had tried our best but the boss still shouted, " ____!"
A. Speed up B. No hurry
C. Wait a minute D. Slow down
[考查目标]本题考查speed及其构成的短语的意思。
[答案与解析]A speed up意思是“加速，快点”的意思。
17. stare的用法 vi, vt -- stared, staring 凝视，注视
He stared at the word trying to remember what it meant. 他盯着这个单词，努力想记起它的意思。
[习惯用语] stare one in the face 近在眼前;摆在眼前
▲辨析：gaze;stare;glare这组动词的一般含义是“凝视”。
gaze表示“目不转睛地看”，并含有“惊叹”、“羡慕”或“入迷”的意思。例如：She gazed at the carpet for some time, and then added, "You don't need bookcases at all." 她对地毯凝视了一会儿，然后补充说：“你根本不需要书柜。”
stare 特别表示“睁大眼睛凝视”，并含有“惊奇”、“傲慢” 或“茫然”的意思。例如：The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. 那位贵族对那张空白纸凝视了几秒钟。
glare 表示“凶狠而且带有威胁性的瞪眼睛”的意思。例如：The trapped eagle glared at his captors. 被诱捕到的雄鹰凶狠地瞪着捕获它的人。
【考例】[NMET 1999] ____ him and then try to copy what he does.
A. Mind B. Glance at C. Stare at D. Watch
[考查目标] stare 等近义词辨别。
[答案与解析]D watch意思是“观察”，是长时问关注;而stare at却是“盯着”。含有惊奇、傲慢的感情色彩。
18. trouble
(1) 麻烦;烦恼;烦心的事 (可数，不可数) It is a pity to give you so much trouble. / Life is full of troubles.
(2) 困难;费事 (不可数) have trouble with sth. / have trouble (in) doing sth. (= difficulty) Did you have much trouble in finding the post office? / I hope you won't have any trouble with the work.
[相关短语]
(1) ask for trouble 自寻烦恼;自找麻烦 What made you write such a letter? It was asking for trouble.
(2) (be) in trouble 有烦事;有困难;出事;惹麻烦 He never came except when he was in trouble.
(3) put sb. to trouble 给某人造成麻烦;增添麻烦 I am sorry for putting you to so much trouble.
(4) take trouble to do sth. 费心做某事;费心 It was good of you to take the trouble to help us.
看过“高中英语知识汇总 ”