怎样提高高二英语阅读理解能力(2)
此句中的 “sedentary”的意思可以从跟like后面的“reading，typing，sewing”中轻易地猜出是“坐着做的”意思。
利 用略读法，查阅法和猜测词义法能够解决阅读相当比例的问题。可是，在答题的时候，考生有时会发现所给的四个题项中，有不止一个选项可以作为答案，那就应该 意识到该题是一道判断推理题。在答题时，考生一发现有某个能回答问题的选项时，就把它作为正确答案的备选项，这是不明智的，而应该再看一看其它选项中还有 没有能够回答所给问题的答案。如果有别的备选答案的话，就要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，作出深层理解和全面分析，进行合理的推理和 判断，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。
阅读理解是全面考查考生综合运用英语进行交际和获取信息的能力，它是一个渐近的过程，需 要经过一定阶段的积累才能达到得心应手的境界。因此，考生平时扩大自己的阅读量，广泛地进行课外阅读，不断地开拓自己的视野，丰富自己的知识。
二、 练习
阅读下面短文，并从A，B，C，D四个答案中找出正确的答案。
Archimedes was a famous Greek mathematician and scientist He was born around 287 BC and he died in the year 212 BC.
Archimedes is most well-known for one specificidea that he came up with “Archimedes’s Principle”states that a solid object which is immersed in a liquid is pushed up by a force which is equal to the weight of the water that the object moves For example，if you put a piece of wood and a piece of gold the same size in water，only the wood will float Both the wood and gold move the same amount of water，but the wood weighs less than this water，while the gold weighs more。
It is believed that Archimedes discovered this principle when the king of Syracuse asked him to solve a problem .The king wanted to know if his crown(王冠)was pure gold or a mixture of gold and silver The king，of course，did not want to melt his crown to find out The idea came to Archimedes as he lowered himself into his bath He noticed how the water spilled out of the tub He decided to use the same idea for the crown He knew that a gold crown immersed in water would weigh more than one made of silver The experiment was done and the goldsmith was proved guilty of trying to cheat the king。
1.A good title for the selection is ______
A.Archimedes
B.Archimedes’s Principle
C.A Gold and Silver Crown
D.The King of Syracuse
2.The word “immersed”in the second paragraph means“_______”
A.Raised B.lifted C.Under water D.rose
3.We drop a piece of metal into a jar full of water，the metal will float if it weighs less than_______
A.an equal amount of gold
B.the water that leaves the jar
C.all the water in the jar now
D.an equal amount of silver
4.From this selection we may conclude that the king’s crown______
A.moved more water than pure gold of the same weight
B.moved less water than pure gold of the same weight
C.moved more water than pure gold of the same size
D.moved less water than pure gold of the same size
5.The following sentences tell what happened many years ago Which is the right order of the events?
a.Achimedes took a bath
b.Archimedes discovered his principle
c.The king of Syracuse asked him to solve a problem
d.Archimedes did the experiment on his crown
A.b;c;a;d; B.c;a;b;d; C.c;a;d;b; D.b;c;d;a;
答案与提示
1.B，主旨大意题，这是一篇历史 人物介绍与科普知识相结合的文章。本文第一段简要介绍了阿基米德的职业与生卒年月，第二、三段大篇幅内容是介绍了阿基米德定律及其发现的经过。选项A所包 括的时空太大，选C、D都与选项B有密切联系，但包含的内容不及B项，故排除A、C、D三项，B为正确答案。
2.C，猜测词义题。在文 章第二段开头解释了阿基米德定律，一个浸在水中的物体被水托起的力(F)等于这个物体排开水的重量(G)，即关系式F浮= ρ水 gV排=G物。从这句话中，我们可以猜测到“immersed”在句中的含义应该是“浸在水中”，故选C项。如果考生懂一点英语词汇构词法就很容易选C答 案，因为“im-”意思是“inside”，“-merse”意思是“go down，lay down”。
3.B，判断推理题。从文 章第二段最后几句话的例子中可以看出，物体的质量如果小一于它浸入水中后排开的水的质量，它就会浮起来;反之则没入水中。故选B项。
4.A， 判断推理题。从文章第三段倒数第二句可知，一个纯金的王冠浸入水中要比合金重，也就是说，质量相同的合金王冠体积要大，排开的水要多一些。国王新做的王冠 是合金的，若质量相同，体积必定增加，排开的水自然要多。故选A项。
5.C，排序题。此题是要求按照逻辑先后顺序排序，最初应该是国王 请阿基米德解决一个问题判断王冠的真假，后来阿基米德在浴池洗澡的时候，发现浴池的水溢出来了，这一现象引发了他的思考，接着他用自己的冠鼎做实验，最后 发现了这一定律。